Information

This database contains a subset of agreements included in the main PA-X database that deal in some way with local issues, involve local actors, and deal with forms of local/communal violent conflict. Agreements span the period from 1990 to the end of 2024, with global coverage, forming a collection of 367 local agreements, 18 of which are new in this release of PA-X Local. PA-X Local only includes agreements for which we could obtain a text and is therefore neither exhaustive of all local negotiation practices, nor clearly representative of them, nor of the range of armed actors and groups involved in local agreement-making. While it is likely to therefore reflect some processes more than others, it forms a useful qualitative tool for beginning to understand local processes and is the only database that we know of to currently do this.

If you are interested in how we selected documents and made decisions on coding, see our About PA-X Local document (also available in Arabic and French).

See also the local agreements glossary/definitions, codebook, and terms of use.

Credits:
Data Preparation by Niamh Henry, University of Edinburgh
Vizualization by Tomas Vancisin, University of Edinburgh

Data Citation:
Bell, Christine, Sanja Badanjak, Laura Wise, Monalisa Adhikari, Juline Beaujouan, Margherita Distrotti, Tim Epple, Robert Forster, Robert Wilson, and Laura Wise (2025). PA-X Local Peace Agreements Database and Dataset, Version 9. Link.

Timeline

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Pre-negotiation Agreements that aim to get parties to the point of negotiating over the incompatibilities at the heart of the conflict. Note that these agreements can happen at any time in a process (even after a comprehensive peace agreement has been signed), if parties have moved back into ‘talking about how they are going to talk’. Therefore, this value does not imply temporal precedence.
Ceasefire This category contains agreements which provide in their entirety for a ceasefire, or association demobilisation, or an agreement that is purely providing a monitoring arrangement for, or extension, of a ceasefire.
Partial Agreements that concern parties that are engaged in discussion and agreeing to substantive issues to resolve the conflict, but only deal with some of the issues in ways that appear to contemplate future agreements to complete.
Implementation Aiming to implement an earlier agreement. Note that this category does not include ceasefires.
Other This is a residual category, capturing all agreements that do not fit the remaining definition. The user is advised to refer to the database for further information on the agreements in this category.